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It’s tempt­ing and some­times even dark­ly humor­ous to call liv­ing dying, but in truth when we reduce con­cepts down to the point that they’re inter­change­able, what pur­pose do they even serve? Liv­ing is not dying. Dying has to have some sub­stan­tial com­po­nent to dif­fer­en­ti­ate it from liv­ing or we’re just play­ing sophis­ti­cal­ly with words and betray­ing dis­po­si­tions rather than com­mit­ting to ideas. Aging is also not dying, at least not all of it.

We used to assume life end­ed with breath. That was death. We expired. Now we know it doesn’t. We can restart res­pi­ra­tion. We use to assume life end­ed with car­diac arrest. Well, it doesn’t. We can restart hearts. Now, we use brain death as the mark­er, although we’ve dis­cov­ered that you can — with stem cells, bioac­tive mol­e­cules, brain and spinal cord stim­u­la­tion — bring brains back to life. It’s not espe­cial­ly effec­tive and the bioeth­i­cal con­cerns should give us pause, but noth­ing can be ruled out.

So what is death? The only rea­son­able def­i­n­i­tion of death left to us is that hav­ing failed to resus­ci­tate any of the erst­while “vital” organs, that we reach a point, a crit­i­cal mass in glob­al cell death. Glob­al­ized necro­sis, cell death past the point of no return. That the DNA hold­ing us togeth­er degen­er­ates to the point that it can no longer instruct cel­lu­lar repli­ca­tion and cells begin to die at a rate faster than they replicate.

But dying is a process, right? Often a slow one. So wouldn’t we always be dying as we live, right up until we’re dead?

No. In fact, rates of cel­lu­lar regen­er­a­tion and degen­er­a­tion are not con­sis­tent across lifes­pans. For the first twen­ty-five or so years, our cells are almost always sim­ply regen­er­at­ing. There is noth­ing degen­er­a­tive in nor­mal devel­op­ment up to that point. Past this point, cer­tain kinds of regen­er­a­tion slow or stop while oth­ers do not. In some sense, parts of us are there­after dying. But it isn’t real­ly until one reach­es the fifth decade of life that the DNA in our cells is active­ly degenerating…

At that point, one can, I sup­pose, be said to be in the process of dying, although it seems rather more or less unnec­es­sary to tell some­one who has already reached an age where they’re more than ful­ly aware of their mor­tal­i­ty, because their bod­ies are as good as a con­stant reminder that they’re degen­er­at­ing from the inside out.

And so, I dis­sent. Life is not death. Life is life. Death is death. And at least half of liv­ing, if not more, is not even dying.

The only thing that dis­rupts this pat­tern is dis­ease and dis­or­der. And not some uni­ver­sal dis­or­der, because uni­ver­sal dis­or­der would wipe the species out faster than you can say strip­py fried bacon bel­ly. No, dis­rup­tions to life are either inevitable over time due to growth that even­tu­al­ly peaks and becomes a grad­ual decay or some­thing exter­nal to the organ­ism dis­rupts and accel­er­ates that process.

We have a respon­si­bil­i­ty to be hon­est about the inevitabil­i­ty of the first, some­thing our soci­ety often fails to be hon­est about; but have as great or greater a respon­si­bil­i­ty to the mit­i­gate the poten­tial­i­ties of the latter.